If it's just dates that are missing, then you're probably missing Date & Time settings as well, so check that tab.

My guess is the Default Time Format and the Available Time Formats are missing. If they are then here is what is normally there:

Default TIme Format:
Code
m/d/y | h:i A

Available Time Formats:
Code
d/m/y | h:i A
y/m/d | h:i A
d/m/Y | H:i
D M d Y | h:i A
m/d/y | h:i A
n/j/Y | H:i

I'd double check your primary settings as well and make sure that those are still set properly.